Technologies Discussion

Impedance Matching #3. How to Design L Matching Network Using 2 Lumped Element: Inductor & Capacitor

Antenna #19. How to Proof Maximum Directivity & Effective Area Relationship (Derivation + Equation)

Impedance Matching #1. Achieve Max Power Transfer! Matched vs Mismatched Comparison for Efficiency.

EMC Part 72. EFT / Burst Test (IEC/EN61000-4-4) – Setup, Configuration & Test Levels Explained!

EMC Part 20. How to Calculate Wave Impedance (Air) & Characteristics Impedance of Medium (Shielding)

AM #1. Amplitude Modulation Concept: How Modulating (Data) & Carrier Signals Create Modulated Wave.

Digital Modulation #7. Constellation Diagram Errors: Quadrature Error, IQ Imbalance & IQ Offset.

EMC Part 71. Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) / Burst (IEC 61000-4-4): High-Frequency Pulse Immunity.

Antenna #18. Reciprocity Theorem Explained: When Can You Swap Transmit (Tx) & Receive (Rx) Antennas?

Microwave #3. How to Derive Wire Equivalent Circuit (Series Resistor & Inductor) @ Low & High Freq.

Microwave #2. Why High Freq Tends to Radiate? Skin Effect: Current Flow on Surface but NOT Center!

Microwave #1. Trend to Move up Freq: Low → RF→ Microwave Freq: Better Data Rate & Avoid Congestion.

Digital Modulation #6. QAM Explained – How Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Doubles Your Data Speed!

S/N Ratio #2. Understand Internal & External Noise Sources in Communication System to Boost the SNR!

S/N Ratio #1. Why Higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio= Better Signal Quality in Electronics Communication.

S-Parameters #3. How to Obtain Scattering Matrix (S11, S12, S21, S22) from DUT / Microwave Circuit.

Digital Modulation #5. How Higher M-ary Levels QPSK, 8PSK INCREASE Data Speed & Bandwidth Efficiency

S-Parameters #2. Why You MUST Terminate Unused Ports with 50Ω. Avoid Reflection Error in Measurement

Filter Design Part 17. How to Design Low Pass Filter, LPF: From Lumped Elements to Microstrip Line.

Filter Design Part 7. Ways to Design the Slope of Filter: Bessel, Butterworth, Chebyshev & Elliptic.

Filter Design Part 3. Parameters You MUST Know: Insertion Loss, VSWR, Response Type & Group Delay.

Filter Design Part 2. Key Specs: Center & Cutoff Freq, Bandwidth, Selectivity, Shape Factor & More!

Filter Design #1. Role of Lowpass, Highpass, Bandpass & Bandstop: Separate Desired & Unwanted Signal

Digital Modulation #4. How PSK (Phase Shift Keying) Works – Visualizing the Constellation Diagram.

EMC Part 32. Compare EMC Shield Room: OATS vs TEM/GTEM Cell vs Anechoic Chamber (Which is Best?)

Amplifier Part 15. How to Calculate the Max Available Gain, MAG for a Stable Amp / Transistor Design

Amplifier Part 14. How to Use Rollett's k-Factor to Prevent your Amp from Oscillates (With Examples)

Digital Modulation #3. Signal Represents: Equation, Time & Freq Domain, Constellation & Eye Diagram.

Digital Modulation #2. How to Draw Time Diagram of Amplitude ASK, Freq FSK & Phase PSK Shift Keying.

Sustainability Part 4. The Harsh Reality of Climate Change – What No One Is Telling You.