244 ‒ The history of the cell, cell therapy, gene therapy, and more | Siddhartha Mukherjee

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We discuss:
0:00:00 - Intro
0:00:08 - How the cell brings the genome to life, and how Sid’s recent book fits into his prior work to tell a story
0:09:13 - How the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the cell fueled a big leap in medicine
0:18:46 - What is the evolutionary drive for multicellular life?
0:29:21 - Four types of cell therapies and the challenges of gene therapy
0:42:09 - CAR T-cell therapy: promising gene therapy for cancer
0:48:25 - The possibility of using gene therapy to treat germline mutations like sickle cell disease
0:52:54 - The incredible revolution of gene editing with CRISPR
1:02:13 - Ethical questions around human gene editing
1:14:24 - The complex role of genetics in mental illness
1:20:33 - Two types of problems in science: the “eye in the sandstorm” problem and the “sand in the eye” problem
1:23:38 - Understanding neural networks: an example of the “sand in the eye” problem being solved
1:33:16 - Importance of learning by doing: comparing the learning styles of a doctoral student to a medical student
1:38:45 - Sid’s unique and brilliant style of writing
1:44:34 - Falling as the leading cause of accidental death: a liability of multicellular existence
1:49:05 - Sid’s struggle with depression and his desire to change the stigma around mental illness

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