Rectal Cancer में कितने Stages होते हैं? | How Rectal Cancer Spreads: Stages & Symptoms! |Dr Praveen

Hi, I am Dr Praveen Kammar (Cancer Surgeon Specializing in Digestive System and Gynecological Cancers) and in today’s video we’ll talk about rectal cancer stages in detail. If you or someone you know is dealing with rectal cancer, understanding its stages is essential for making informed treatment decisions.
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The Video Flow:
0:00 Introduction
0:25 Why staging matters in Cancer Treatment?
0:40 What is the structure of the rectum?
1:40 How does cancer spread?
1:55 What is Stage 1 rectal cancer?
2:30 What is Stage 2 rectal cancer?
3:10 What is Stage 3 rectal cancer?
3:55 What is Stage 4 rectal cancer?
4:25 How is rectal cancer diagnosed?
5:00 What is clinical vs pathological staging?
5:15 Conclusion
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Rectal Cancer में कितने Stages होते हैं? | How Rectal Cancer Spreads: Stages & Symptoms! |Dr Praveen

What are Rectal Cancer Stages?
Rectal cancer stages describe how far cancer has spread within the rectum and beyond. Knowing the stage is a critical step for planning the right treatment and predicting the likely outcome. This information comes from a combination of imaging tests and pathological examination after surgery.

What Does Stage 1 Rectal Cancer Mean?
Stage 1 rectal cancer means the disease is limited to the inner walls of the rectum, including the mucosa, submucosa, or muscularis propria. At this stage, the cancer has not spread to lymph nodes or distant organs, and it is classified as T1 or T2. Early detection in Stage 1 generally offers better treatment options and higher success rates.

How Serious is Stage 2 Rectal Cancer?
At Stage 2, the cancer penetrates deeper into the rectal wall, reaching the mesorectal fat or even the outer layer, and sometimes affecting nearby organs such as the cervix, bladder, or prostate. However, lymph nodes are still unaffected. The deeper spread makes treatment more complex compared to Stage 1 and may involve combined therapies.

Stage 3 Rectal Cancer Explained
Stage 3 is defined by the spread of cancer to lymph nodes, regardless of tumor depth. Lymph node involvement increases the complexity of treatment and the risk of further spread. Management at this stage usually requires a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy to achieve the best outcome.

How Advanced is Stage 4 Rectal Cancer?
Stage 4 is the most advanced stage of rectal cancer, occurring when cancer spreads to distant organs, a process called metastasis. The liver is most commonly involved, followed by the peritoneum and lungs, with occasional spread to bones or brain. Treatment focuses on controlling cancer spread and improving quality of life.

How is Rectal Cancer Diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves imaging tests such as MRI, which provides detailed information about tumor depth and lymph node involvement. PET-CT or CT scans are used to detect spread to other organs. Pathological staging after surgery is the most accurate method for determining cancer stage.
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Related Videos:

1. क्या Rectal Cancer में MRI जरूरी है? | MRI for Rectal Cancer! | Dr Praveen Kammar, Mumbai
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About Dr. Praveen Kammar

Dr Praveen Kammar is a surgical oncologist practising in the city of Mumbai.
He completed his MCh course in surgical oncology from the reputed Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, one of the premier cancer care centres in the country. He also holds a fellowship in Colorectal surgery from Yopnsei cancer centre, Seoul, South Korea. Dr Praveen’s main area of focus is colorectal and GI oncology, Gynecological cancers, minimal access surgeries for abdominal and thoracic malignancies, transanal surgeries, and sphincter-saving surgeries for rectal cancer, cytoreductive surgeries, and HIPEC for advanced abdominal cancers.


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