📌 CNC Machines are Computerized Numerical Control Machines which are used to draw anything or design any mechanical part according to the design program fed into their controller unit. Controller unit can be either computer or microcontroller. CNC machines have stepper and servo motors to draw the design as per the fed program.
After researching on CNC machines, I decided to build my own CNC machine using locally available materials. There are so a many CNC machines in the world, some of which are much technical and complex to make or even operate them properly. For this reason, I decided to make a simple CNC Plotter Machine based on Arduino which is by far the simplest to make. You can also use this as an Arduino CNC drawing machine with little modifications.
📌Building an Arduino CNC Machine:
For a CNC plotting machine to operate, 3 axes are required (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis. The x-axis and y-axis work in unison to create a 2D image on a plain paper. These x and y axis are placed 90 degrees to each other such that any point on the plain surface is defined by a given value of x and y. The z-axis is used lift and lower the pen onto the plain paper.
Depending on the image to be drawn, the computer will generate the appropriate coordinates and send them to the microcontroller through the USB port. The microcontroller interprets these coordinates and then controls the positions of the motors to create the image. Here we have used Arduino as the Microcontroller to build this CNC Machine. The three-axis movements are provided by stepper motors, which will be ocntrolled by the Arduino board. You can chec out how to interface stepper motor with Arduino if you are new to this.
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