Class 8 Science | Chapter 5 –Exploring Forces | Full Animated Explanation

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🔹 Introduction

Welcome to AIO EDUCATION, your one-stop platform for clear, simple, and animated explanations of NCERT chapters.
In this video, we are going to cover Class 8 Science – Chapter 5: Exploring Forces in complete detail with examples, activities, questions, and animated demonstrations.

Forces are everywhere around us. From a child pulling a toy car to rockets flying into space, everything in motion is connected to the concept of force. This chapter helps us understand:

What force is,

How different forces act,

Why friction is important,

How gravity keeps us on the Earth, and

How weight and buoyancy work.

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to explain push, pull, friction, gravity, magnetism, weight, mass, and buoyancy with confidence and relate them to your daily life.

🔹 What is Force?

The simplest way to define force is:

👉 Force is a push or pull applied on an object that changes or tries to change its state of rest, motion, shape, or direction.

Effects of Force

A force can:

Change the speed of an object (make it move faster or slower).

Change the direction of motion.

Change the state of motion (move a stationary object or stop a moving one).

Change the shape and size of an object.

Examples in daily life:

Kicking a football changes its speed and direction.

Stretching a spring changes its shape.

Opening a door is an example of push.

Pulling a bucket from a well is an example of pull.

🔹 Types of Forces

Forces can be grouped into two broad categories:

1. Contact Forces

Forces that occur only when objects are in physical contact.

(a) Muscular Force: Force applied by our muscles.
👉 Example: Pushing a cart, cycling, lifting weights.

(b) Frictional Force (Friction): The force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.
👉 Example: Rubbing hands to produce heat, brakes in vehicles.

2. Non-Contact Forces

Forces that act without physical contact between objects.

(a) Gravitational Force: The Earth attracts everything towards its center.
👉 Example: An apple falling from a tree.

(b) Magnetic Force: The force exerted by magnets.
👉 Example: A magnet attracting iron pins.

(c) Electrostatic Force: Force due to electric charges.
👉 Example: A balloon rubbed on hair attracting paper pieces.

🔹 Friction – The Necessary Evil

Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.

Advantages of Friction

Helps us walk without slipping.

Helps us write with a pen/pencil.

Allows vehicles to move on roads.

Disadvantages of Friction

Produces heat → wastage of energy.

Causes wear and tear of machine parts.

Reduces efficiency of machines.

Methods to Reduce Friction

Using lubricants (oil, grease).

Using ball bearings.

Streamlining shapes of vehicles.

Methods to Increase Friction

Making surfaces rough.

Using spikes in shoes or tires.

🔹 Gravity – The Invisible Force

Gravity is the force of attraction between objects due to their mass.

On Earth, gravity pulls everything downwards.

It keeps the atmosphere, oceans, and living beings bound to Earth.

Gravitational acceleration = 9.8 m/s².

Examples:

Apple falling from tree.

Raindrops coming down.

Satellites revolving around Earth due to balance between gravity and motion.

🔹 Mass and Weight

Mass:

The amount of matter in a body.

🔹 Key Vocabulary

Force = Push or pull

Friction = Resistance between surfaces

Gravity = Attraction by Earth

Mass = Amount of matter

Weight = Force due to gravity

Buoyancy = Upward force of fluid

Contact Force = Requires contact

Non-Contact Force = Acts without contact

🔹 Exam Preparation Notes

Always write definitions exactly as in NCERT.

Support answers with daily life examples.

Practice diagrams of friction, buoyancy, and gravity.

Revise NCERT in-text and back-exercise questions.

Remember formulas:
👉 Weight = Mass × Gravity

🔹 Summary of the Chapter

Force is a push or pull.

Forces are of two types: Contact and Non-Contact.

Friction can be useful and harmful (necessary evil).

Gravity is the force that keeps us on Earth.

Mass is constant; weight depends on gravity.

Buoyancy explains floating and sinking of objects.


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