What Is Menstrual Cycle?

Menstrual Cycle Explained | Simple and Clear

The menstrual cycle is a natural, monthly process that prepares the female body for pregnancy. It usually lasts between 21 to 35 days, and is divided into four main phases: menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.

During menstruation, the body sheds the uterine lining, leading to bleeding that typically lasts 3–7 days. After this, in the follicular phase, hormones stimulate the ovaries to develop follicles, each containing an egg. Around the middle of the cycle, ovulation occurs—this is when a mature egg is released from the ovary and travels down the fallopian tube. This is the most fertile period of the cycle. Finally, in the luteal phase, the body prepares the uterus for a possible pregnancy. If the egg isn’t fertilized, hormone levels drop and the cycle begins again with menstruation.

The menstrual cycle is guided by hormones like estrogen, progesterone, FSH, and LH, which work together to regulate mood, energy levels, and overall reproductive health.

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