Phyllodes tumor Of the Breast ; Definition, Causes, symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial tumors of the breast that arise from the connective (stromal) tissue rather than the ducts or glands. They account for less than 1% of all breast tumors and can be classified as benign, borderline, or malignant based on their histological features2.

Key Features
Appearance: These tumors often grow rapidly and may present as a firm, painless lump in the breast. They can stretch the skin, making it appear shiny or translucent.

Histology: Under a microscope, they exhibit a leaf-like growth pattern, which gives them their name (from the Greek word "phyllon" meaning leaf).

Diagnosis
Imaging: Mammography and ultrasound are commonly used but may not distinguish phyllodes tumors from fibroadenomas.

Biopsy: Core needle biopsy or excisional biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis.

Treatment
Surgery: Complete surgical removal with clear margins is the primary treatment. This may involve a lumpectomy or mastectomy, depending on the tumor size and location.

Radiation Therapy: May be considered for malignant or recurrent tumors.

Chemotherapy: Rarely used, as these tumors do not typically respond to systemic treatments like other breast cancers

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