Hepatic Artery Spectral/Color Doppler Ultrasound Normal Vs Abnormal | Liver Transplant & Other Cases

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Hepatic Artery Spectral/Color Doppler Ultrasound Normal Vs Abnormal | Liver Transplant & Other Cases

*Cases
0:00 - Normal Hepatic Artery
2:10 - Splenic Steal Syndrome
4:39 - Thrombosis
6:12 - Stenosis
7:56 - Pseudoaneurysm
8:50 - Liver Cirrhosis
9:14 - Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT)

Normal Hepatic Artery:
Biphasic, low resistance flow
Systolic Upstroke, and forward diastolic flow
PSV: Less than 200 cm/s
Resistive Index: 0.5-0.8
Acceleration Time: Less than 0.08

Splenic Steal Syndrome: A complication of liver transplant, in which there is a diversion of blood flow away from the liver graft into the splenic artery, leading to hepatic hypoperfusion and potential graft dysfunction.
Absence of diastolic flow in hepatic artery
Reduced PSV
Resistive Index: Greater than 0.8
Reduced blood flow in hepatic artery
Increased blood flow in splenic artery

Hepatic Artery Thrombosis:
Absence of color doppler signals in hepatic artery
No flow detected on spectral doppler
Increased portal vein flow velocity as a compensatory mechanism.
Narrowing of hepatic artery
Reduced PSV
Decreased Resistive index: Less than 0.5
Acceleration Time Greater than 0.08
Tardus Parvus Waveform:
Tardus: Refers to the delayed systolic upstroke (slower rise to peak systole).
Parvus: Refers to the diminished amplitude of the waveform (lower peak systolic velocity).

Pseudoaneurysm:
May occur due to surgeries such as cholecystectomy or after liver transplantation
Appears as an anechoic cystic structure
Yin Yang Sign: Mixing of red and blue colors on color doppler.

Liver Cirrhosis:
Hepatic artery doppler parameters can be normal in early stages of cirrhosis
Increased PSV
Increased Resistive Index: Greater than 0.8

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT)
Also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by the development of abnormal blood vessels.
Can cause hepatic Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)