PODCAST NMAT SOCIOLOGY 2: ELEMENTS

Welcome to this comprehensive guide to Introduction to Sociology. Sociology is the scientific and systematic study of human society and social interaction, focusing on the social environment rather than just individual acts. In this video, we explore how behavior is shaped by social circumstances, including families, organizations, and historical eras. We dive deep into the nature and scope of sociology, examining its origin from the Latin socius (companion) and Greek logy (study of).
We first break down the process of socialization, the mechanism through which individuals acquire personality and learn the ways of their society. You will learn about the development of the "Self" through theories like Freud’s Id, Ego, and Superego and Charles Cooley’s "Looking Glass Self," which posits that our identity reflects what we think others perceive of us. We also examine social institutions like the family, marriage, religion, and education, which act as standardized patterns of rule-governed behavior to fulfill societal needs.
A major portion of this video is dedicated to social stratification, the hierarchical ranking of people based on wealth, power, and prestige. We compare the caste system (an ascribed status determined at birth) with the class system (an open system based on individual achievement). We also analyze Conflict Theory (Karl Marx), Social Darwinism (Herbert Spencer), and Weberian perspectives on status and authority.
Finally, we address the complexities of deviance—behavior that violates social norms. Using Strain Theory, Labelling Theory, and Social Control Theory, we explain why people "wander off the path" and how society maintains order. Whether you are a student or a curious mind, this video provides a robust framework using both qualitative and quantitative research methods to understand our social world.
In this video, you will learn about:
• The difference between Primary and Secondary groups.
• The role of Culture and the impact of Ethnocentrism.
• The driving factors of Social Change, including technology and the media.
• Key social problems: Unemployment, corruption, and Social Disorganization.
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