Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis - causes, pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment

Caprine arthritis encephalitis is caused by a lentivirus of the family Retroviridae. It is primarily spread through the ingestion of infected colostrum or milk. The disease can manifest as arthritis, encephalitis, interstitial pneumonia, and/or indurative mastitis. Diagnosis can be confirmed through serologic assays. There is no treatment for Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis. Prevention is by the usual biosecurity measures and disease monitoring. Newborn kids should be removed from infected does at birth.


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References:
Aiello SE, Moses MA, Allen DG, Constable PD, Dart A, Davies PR, Quesenberry KE, Reeves PT, Sharma JM. 2016. The Merck Veterinary Manual. 11th ed. Kenilworth, NJ, USA: Merck & Co., Inc.

MacLachlan NJ, Dubovi EJ, Barthold SW, Swayne DE, Winton JR. 2017. Fenner's Veterinary Virology. 5th ed. London, UK: Academic Press.