How to Convert a Character to Numeric in R | String Vector & Data Frame Column | as.numeric Function

How to converst a character vector to numeric in R in the R programming language. More details: https://statisticsglobe.com/convert-c...
R code of this video:

vec ＜- as.character(c(5, 3, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5)) # Create example vector
vec

class(vec) # Class of example vector

vec_num ＜- as.numeric(vec) # Apply as.numeric()
vec_num

class(vec_num) # Class of new vector

data ＜- data.frame(x1 = as.character(c(4, 4, 4, 2, 3, 2)), # Create example data frame
x2 = 6:1,
x3 = as.character(1:6))
data

sapply(data, class) # Classes of columns

data_new1 ＜- data # Convert one column to numeric
data_new1$x1 ＜- as.numeric(data_new1$x1)
data_new1

sapply(data_new1, class) # Updated classes

data_new2 ＜- data # Change all character columns
char_columns ＜- sapply(data_new2, class) == "character"
data_new2[ , char_columns] ＜- sapply(data_new2[ , char_columns], as.numeric)
data_new2

sapply(data_new2, class) # Updated classes

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