Трахея, Бронхиальное дерево и Альвеолярное дерево (Части, Структуры и Стенки) - Анатомия

Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:55 Topography of the Trachea
1:43 Parts of the Trachea
2:45 Tracheal Wall
4:30 Bronchi
5:25 Foreign Body Aspiration
6:10 Bronchi (revisited)
8:22 Bronchial Tree
9:41 Alveolar Tree
10:33 Different Types of Epithelium
10:51 Layers of the Tracheal, Bronchial, and Bronchiolar Wall

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Trachea (Windpipe)
Divides into Bronchi
9-15 cm long and 2-2,5 cm in diamenter
Skeletopy: C6-7 to T4-5

Parts of the Trachea
Tracheal Cartilages (Cartilagines tracheales)
Annular Ligaments (Ligamenta Anularia)
Membranous Part (Paries Membranaceus)
Tracheal Bifurcation (Bifurcatio Tracheales)
Carina of Trachea (Carina Tracheae)

Layers of Trachea:
Tunica Mucosa (Contain Tracheal Lymphoid Nodules and Tracheal Glands) (Noduli Lymphoidei Tracheales and Glandula Tracheales)
Tela Submucosa
Tunica Adventitia

Bronchi:
Right Primary (Main) Bronchus (Bronchus Principalis Dexter) is Shorter and wider adn more vertical
Left Primary (Main) Bronchus (Bronchus Principialis Sinister) is Longer and more narrow
Enter the lungs throguh hilum of the lungs (hilum pulmonis)
3 Right Lobar Bronchi (Bronchi Lobares Dexter)
2 Left Lobar Bronchi (Bronchi Lobares Dexter)
Superior Lobar Bronchus
Middle Lobar Bronchus
Inferior Lobar Bronchus
Segmental Bronchi (Bronchi Segmentles)

Foreign Body Aspiration:
Inhaling a foregn object into airways
Most commonly fall into the right main bronchus

Bronchial Tree (Arbor Bronchialis):
Left/Right Principal Bronchi
Enters through Pulmonary Hilum (Hilum Pulmonis)
Lobar Bronchi (Bronchi Lobares)
Segmental Bronchi (Bronchi Segmentales)
Terminal Bronchi (Bronchi Terminales)
Respiratory Epithelium becoming cuboidal epithelium

Alveolar Tree (Arbor Alveolaris):
Terminal Bronchioles (Bronchi Terminales)
Respiratory Bronchioles
○ Primary Bronchiole with Alveoli
○ Secondary Bronchiole
○ Tertiar Bronchiole
Alveolar Ducts (Ductus Alveolares)
Alveolar Sacs (Sacculi Alveolares)

Comparing the walls of Trachea, Bronchus and Bronchiole:
Tracheal Wall:
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tela Submucosa
○ Tracheal Cartilage
○ Smooth Muscles (Membranous Part)
○ Tunica Adventitia
Bronchial Wall
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tela Submucosa
○ Fibromusculocartilaginous Layer (Tunica Fibromusculocartilaginea)
○ Tunica Adventitia
Bronchiolar Wall:
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tela Submucosa
○ Tunica Muscularis
○ Tunica Adventitia

Sources used in this video:
Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
Biorender
University notes and lectures