Intellectual Disability | Mental Retardation in hindi | Introduction & Definition | Dikshesh29

Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation) IDD is a term used when there are limits to a person's ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life. Levels of intellectual disability vary greatly in children.
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Topic: Intellectual Disability | Mental Retardation in Hindi | Introduction & Definition
Mode: Online
Language: Hindi
Unit: (3) Definition, Causes & Preventive measures, Types, Educational Implications, and Management of
Sub - Unit: (3.1) Intellectual Disability
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Chapters:-
00:00 - Intro
00:42 - Intellectual Disability Introduction (बौद्धिक विकलांगता का परिचय)
02:35 - Western Historical Perspective (पश्चिमी ऐतिहासिक परिप्रेक्ष्य)
04:36 - Indian Historical Perspective (भारतीय ऐतिहासिक परिप्रेक्ष्य)
07:14 - Present Perspective (वर्तमान परिप्रेक्ष्य)
07:42 - Definition of Disability / Special Education (अक्षमता / विशेष शिक्षा की परिभाषा)
08:52 - Definition of Intellectual Disability (बौद्धिक अक्षमता की परिभाषा)
10:16 - Types of Intellectual Disability (बौद्धिक अक्षमता के प्रकार)
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About this video-
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability and formerly mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living. Intellectual functions are defined under DSM-V as reasoning, problem‑solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, learning from instruction and experience, and practical understanding confirmed by both clinical assessment and standardized tests. Adaptive behavior is defined in terms of conceptual, social, and practical skills involving tasks performed by people in their everyday lives.

Intellectual disability is subdivided into syndromic intellectual disability, in which intellectual deficits associated with other medical and behavioral signs and symptoms are present and non-syndromic intellectual disability, in which intellectual deficits appear without other abnormalities. Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome are examples of syndromic intellectual disabilities.

Intellectual disability affects about 2 to 3% of the general population. Seventy-five to ninety percent of the affected people have a mild intellectual disability.[8] Non-syndromic, or idiopathic cases account for 30 to 50% of these cases.[8] About a quarter of cases are caused by a genetic disorder,[8] and about 5% of cases are inherited from a person's parents. Cases of unknown cause affect about 95 million people as of 2013.
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