Did the invasion of the kingdom of Meroe take place?

The Kingdom of Meroe was one of the most significant political centres and a powerful ancient civilisation. It was part of an extensive trading network and centralised power. It is widely believed that ‘The Kingdom of Meroe came to an end as a result of an invasion by Axum’ -present day Ethiopia. Previously, kingdoms and empires decline were always interpreted as a result of an invasion. Archaeologists did not look into the bigger picture and other explanations which contributed to their decline

In this video I will question the invasion theory. The kingdom of Meroe did not fall in a day. I will argue that there is not one single reason, but rather multiple factors which led to the decline of the kingdom of Meroe.

License and copyright

Music. By the Sudanese Composer and Flute Artist Mr Hafiz Abd Al Rahman. The Artist kindly gave authorization to use his music

Map. Kingdom of Meroe. Author and Copyright holder Dr Shadia Taha

Map. Kushite Empire. Source: Wikimedia creative commons license. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Meroitic language. Source: Wikimedia creative commons Attribution. Author: Rufus46
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Stela Meroitic. Source: British Museums creative commons. https://britishmuseum.org/research/co...

The largest number of Pyramids in the world are in Sudan
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...

Pyramid of Amanishakheto. Source: Wikimedia creative commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Kandake Amanitore. Wikimedia creative commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Relief Amanishakheto. Wikimedia creative commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Meroe Pyramids. Source: Wikimedia public domain. Author: Wufei07
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Roman Kiosk and the Temple of Apedemak in Naqa. Wikimedia creative commons. Au
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Amun- Ra Temple at Naga. Wikimedia creative commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Column and Elephant - in temple complex in Musawwarat. Wikimedia creative commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Towers depicting Queen Amanitore nd King Natakamanio. Wikimedia creative commons.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Wikimedia creative commons

Prince Arikankharer fighting his Enemies. Worcester Art Museum. Wikimedia creative commons.

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Arikankharer_Slaying_His_Enemies,_Meroitic,_beginning_of_first_century_AD,_sandstone_-_Worcester_Art_Museum_-_IMG_7535.JPG

Royal Bath, Meroe. Wikimedia creative commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

KandakeAmanishahito Jewellery Meroe. Wikimedia creative commons licensehttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Kandake Amanishaito Jewellery Meroe. Wikimedia commons creative license
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Kandake Amanishakheto Jewellery. Wikimedia commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Necklace from Meroe. Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...

Amulet Meroe. British Museum creative commons. https://britishmuseum.org/research/co...

Ceramic cup. British Museum creative commons.
https://research.britishmuseum.org/re...

Ceramic cup. British Museum creative commons.
https://research.britishmuseum.org/re...

Redware pottery amphora. British Museum creative commons.
https://research.britishmuseum.org/re...

Metal work Meroe. British Museum creative commons. https://britishmuseum.org/research/co...
Greek Inscription found by villagers in Meroe. Permission Dr Anderson, British Museum. Copyright, Sudan National Museum

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