China's 5nm Shockwave: Can the 'Alishan' Lithography Machine Destroy ASML's Semiconductor Empire?

China's 5nm Shockwave: Can the 'Alishan' Lithography Machine Destroy ASML's Semiconductor Empire?
The rapid growth and increasing capabilities of China's semiconductor industry, particularly focusing on the emergence of domestic lithography technology that challenges the dominance of the Dutch company ASML. The development of machines like the five-nanometer Alishan and cost-effective alternatives by companies like Shanghai Micro Electronics signifies a potential shift in the global chip manufacturing landscape. Fueled by national support and innovative approaches, such as solid-state laser technology for EUV light sources, China is overcoming technological barriers despite ongoing international blockades. While some view these advancements as a major victory, others express concern about the sustainability of this progress and the remaining gaps in high-end capabilities. The article highlights the intense competition and the strategic moves by both China and its rivals, questioning whether China can achieve self-sufficiency in this crucial sector.
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