Old Norse vs. Proto-Norse (Elder Futhark Language)

So Elder Futhark went out of use before the Viking Age, when Old Norse was spoken... but what was the language like back when Elder Futhark was in use? Includes a translation of Hávamál stanza 77 into Proto-Norse to demonstrate how different the earlier and later language stages are.

Jackson Crawford, Ph.D.: Sharing real expertise in Norse language and myth with people hungry to learn, free of both ivory tower elitism and the agendas of self-appointed gurus. Visit https://jacksonwcrawford.com/ (includes bio and linked list of all videos).

Jackson Crawford’s Patreon page:   / norsebysw  

Visit Grimfrost at http://www.grimfrost.com?aff=183

Latest FAQs: https://vimeo.com/375149287 (updated Nov. 2019).

Jackson Crawford’s translation of Hávamál, with complete Old Norse text: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the...

Jackson Crawford’s translation of The Poetic Edda: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the...
Audiobook: https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Poetic...

Jackson Crawford’s translation of The Saga of the Volsungs: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the...
Audiobook: https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Saga-o...

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Logos by Elizabeth Porter (snowbringer at gmail).