Ethiopia: The Sack of Gondar & Battle of Debre Sin

In spite of initially calm relations, the Mahdist state will engage in two brutal battles against the Ethiopian Empire. If one believes in the idea of a single "Mahdist War", then these two battles were among its largest, its most brutal, and perhaps its most devastating. This video tells the story of first of these two battles and, continuing the Ethiopia series, places it in a broader narrative of late-19th Century Ethiopian politics.

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~ Credits ~
Songs:
Thank you to Kevin Macleod, Johannes Bornlöf, Kai Engel, Jahzzar, and Chris Zabriskie for composing the excellent music that helps make my presentations wok!

Art:
Audio:
Editing:
Used Images:

Chapters:
0:00 Political Context
4:25 History of Gallabat
8:20 Buildup To The Gallabat Conflict
13:55 The Battle of Debra Sin


Sources:
UNESCO General History of Africa
Cambidge General History
A History of Ethiopia
Layers of time – A History of Ethiopia

The Hewett Mission to Abyssinia, 1884. Part II
"Transborder" Exchanges of People, Things, and Representations: Revisiting the Conflict Between Mahdist Sudan and Christian Ethiopia
Ethiopia and the Madiyya - You call me a chicken?.pdf
Yohannes IV, the Mahdists, and the Colonial Partition of NorthEast Africa
For God for Emperor And Country! The Evolution of Ethiopia's Nineteenth Century Military
Firearms and Princely Power in Ethiopia
The Unification of Ethiopia (1880-1935) Wälläga
Trade, Islam, and the Mahdia in Northwestern Wallagā, Ethiopia
The Aymälläl Gurage in the nineteenth century: a political history
EMPEROR YOHANNIS' CAMPAIGN IN GOJJAM, AUGUST 1888 TO FEBRUARY 1889
Two African Battles II – The Battle of Galabat
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015, 4th ed.
The Sudanese Mahdia and the Outside World: 1881–9
AN HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE SHAWAN AMHARA CONQUEST OF THE OROMO and SIDAMA REGIONS
The Trade of Northern Ethiopia in the Nineteenth and early Twentieth Centuries
CONFLICT AND CO-OPERATION BETWEEN ETHIOPIA AND THE MAHDIST STATE, 1884 - 1898
THE HISTORY OF GALLABAT
The Tekruri Shiekhs of Gallabat (S. E. Sudan)
Takrūr The History of a Name
Contemporary Ethiopian Painting in Traditional Style Beginning and Change

The Rise of the Kingdom of Shewa, 1813-1889
A History of Addis Ababa, 1886-1910
A Political Biography of Ras Alula 1875 - 1897

Ten Years' Captivity in the Mahdi's Camp, 1882-1892: From the Original, especially around Page 266
Mahdiism and the Egyptian Sudan: Being an Account of the Rise and Progress, especially around page 331 and 439. Lots of maps on this source too.
Fire and Sword in the Sudan, Especially around page 440
Modern Abyssinia, Especially around page 36
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Especially Around Page 258
The Egyptian Soudan, Its Loss and Its Recovery, Volume 3, especially around page 31
Narrative of Captivity in Abyssinia
A Contemporary Biography of Ras Alula: A Ge'ez Manuscript from Mänäwē, Tämbēn--I
A Contemporary Biography of Ras Alula: A Ge'ez Manuscript from Mänäwē, Tämbēn--II

Further Reading:
The Origins of the Ethiopian–Egyptian Border Problem in the Nineteenth Century
Ethiopia's Economic And Cultural Ties With The Sudan From The Middle Ages To The Mid-Nineteenth Century

A Prisoner of the Khaleefa - Twelve Years' Captivity at Omdurman