What Being a Geisha Really Means

Geisha: Cultural Icons of Japan
Geisha are traditional Japanese female entertainers who are highly skilled in various Japanese arts. Their role in Japanese society is often misunderstood in Western culture.

Origins and History
Geisha culture emerged during the 18th century in Japan's pleasure districts. The word "geisha" literally means "arts person." Originally, geisha included both men and women, but by the late 18th century, the profession became predominantly female.

Training and Skills
Geisha undergo rigorous training from a young age, typically beginning as apprentices called "maiko" (primarily in Kyoto). Their education includes:

Traditional Japanese music (particularly the shamisen)
Classical dance
Tea ceremony (chado)
Conversation and social skills
Poetry and literature
Calligraphy

Appearance and Attire
Geisha are known for their distinctive appearance:

White makeup (oshiroi)
Elaborate hairstyles adorned with decorative hairpins (kanzashi)
Expensive kimono, often made of silk with intricate patterns
Traditional footwear (okobo for maiko, zori for geisha)

Maiko have more elaborate appearance with brighter kimono, more decorative hair ornaments, and distinctive makeup styles compared to fully-fledged geisha.

Role in Society
Geisha are sophisticated entertainers who perform at exclusive gatherings called ozashiki. They:

Provide artistic entertainment through dance and music
Engage guests in witty conversation
Create a refined atmosphere through their artistic presence
Help clients navigate business relationships in a relaxed setting

Modern Geisha
Today, geisha culture persists primarily in districts like Gion in Kyoto and Asakusa in Tokyo, though their numbers have declined significantly from the tens of thousands in the 1920s to a few thousand today. Modern geisha maintain traditional practices while adapting to contemporary society.
Many misconceptions exist about geisha in Western culture, often confusing them with courtesans. While historically complex, the modern geisha profession is focused on preserving traditional Japanese arts and entertainment.