Rainfall Region of Ethiopia

Based on rainfall distribution, both in space and time, five types of rainfall regions can be identified in Ethiopia.
Year-round rainfall region (wet in most months)
Summer rainfall region
Autumn-and-spring rainfall region
Winter rainfall region
Merged spring, summer, and autumn rainfall region

Year-round Rainfall Region
wet in most months
Includes the southwestern plateau comprising the highlands of Wollega, Kafa, Illubabor and Gamo and Goffa.
The reason for the high rainfall and an exceptionally long wet season is due to the dominance of the equatorial Westerlies wind system.
They pick up moisture from the Atlantic Ocean.
represented by the following stations:
Gore, Mizan, Metu, Bonga, Gambella, etc.
The region has more rainy days than any other part of the country.
The average rainfall varies from 1400 mm to 2200 mm.
The year-round rainfall region is represented by the letter B on Figure

Summer Rainfall Region

Largest in the country.
Includes Northwest Highlands and Western Lowlands
Represented by the following stations:
Debre Markos, Fitche, Gondar, Bahir Dar, etc.
Its moisture-bearing winds are the Equatorial Westerlies and Easterlies.
represented by the letter A

Autumn-and-Spring Rainfall Region
Includes southeastern highlands and associated southeastern lowlands.
Represented by the following stations:
Gode, Moyalle, Jigjiga, Yabello
Moisture-bearing winds are the Equatorial Easterlies.
They pick up moisture from the Indian Ocean
Blow over the autumn and spring rainfall region when the Northeasterlies and Equatorial Westerlies are weak.
Average rainfall varies from less than 500 to 1000 mm.
Represented by E

Winter Rainfall Region
Includes eastern escarpment of the western highlands, the middle Rift Valley section and the Afar subdivision.
Represented by the Assaita station (Afar Region).
The region’s moisture-bearing winds are, for the most part, the North Easterlies.
The air mass is continental (dry) and has only a short sea trajectory (that is the Red Sea).
Total annual moisture is very low and of short duration.
Represented by letter D

Merged Spring, Summer, and Autumn Rainfall Region
Smallest region in the country.
Includes western foothills of the Southeastern Highlands.
total annual rainfall varies from 1500 mm to 1000 mm.
It covers a corridor that stretches from the Sidama Highlands to the Hararge Plateau.
Represented by the following stations
Assaita, Awash, and etc.
Represented by the letter C in.