Taj Mahal | Grand Structure in India

Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum situated on the right bank of the Yamuna river in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its construction work was started in 1631 by the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan for housing the tomb of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal; it is also known to house the tomb of Shah Jahan himself. The tomb is known to be the centrepiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which also has a mosque as well as a guest house, and is built in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall.

Construction of the mausoleum was finished in the year 1648, but work still continued on other phases of the project for yet another five years. The first ceremony that was held at the mausoleum was an known to be observance by Shah Jahan, on 6 February 1643, which was the 12th anniversary of the death of Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal complex is known to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 with a cost that is estimated at that time to be around ₹5 million, which in 2023 would be approximately ₹53 arab.

The building complex houses the design traditions of Indo-Islamic as well as Mughal architecture. It has symmetrical constructions along with the usage of a number of shapes and symbols. While the mausoleum is known to be constructed of white marble which was inlaid with semi-precious stones, red sandstone was known to be used for other buildings in the complex same as the Mughal era buildings of the time. The construction project is known to employ as many as 20,000 workers and artisans who worked under the guidance of a board of architects that was led by Ustad Ahmad Lahori, the emperor's court architect.

Taj Mahal was known to be designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the year 1983 for being "the jewel of Islamic art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage". It is known to be one of the best examples of Mughal architecture and a great symbol of Indian history. The Taj Mahal is also popular as a major tourist attraction and attracts more than five million visitors every year. In the year 2007, it was declared as a winner in the New 7 Wonders of the World initiative.

The Taj Mahal is built with design traditions of Indo-Islamic and Mughal architecture. Inspirations for the building came from successful Timurid and Mughal buildings which includes the Gur-e Amir in Samarkand (the tomb of Timur, progenitor of the Mughal dynasty) as well as Humayun's Tomb in Delhi which inspired the Charbagh gardens and hasht-behesht plan of the Taj Mahal.


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