The most important notes you must know about hydrogen rainbow

When hydrogen burns, energy is generated in the form of heat, and the only by-product is water, making it a clean source of energy.
However, hydrogen production requires energy in the first place. Depending on the hydrogen production technology, it is categorized as green, blue, grey, pink, turquoise, yellow, black, and brown hydrogen.
Hydrogen is the simplest element and the most abundant substance in the universe.
When hydrogen burns, it generates energy in the form of heat, with water as a by-product. That means energy created from hydrogen generates no greenhouse gas emissions, making it one of many potential energy sources that could help reduce carbon emissions and slow global warming.
But creating hydrogen and transforming it into a useful format requires energy because hydrogen atoms don’t exist independently — they are almost always stuck to another atom, often another element. Creating pure hydrogen requires breaking those molecular bonds.
In the energy business, people refer to hydrogen by an array of colors as shorthand for how it was created.
One way of making hydrogen is a process called electrolysis, when electricity is passed through a substance to force a chemical change — in this case, splitting H2O into hydrogen and oxygen.
Green hydrogen is when the energy used to power electrolysis comes from renewable sources like wind, water, or solar.
Blue hydrogen is hydrogen produced from natural gas with a process of steam methane reforming, where natural gas is mixed with very hot steam and a catalyst. A chemical reaction occurs, creating hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Water is added to that mixture, turning the carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and more hydrogen. If the carbon dioxide emissions are then captured and stored underground, the process is considered carbon-neutral, and the resulting hydrogen is called “blue hydrogen.”
Grey hydrogen is made from natural gas reforming like blue hydrogen, but without any efforts to capture carbon dioxide byproducts.
Pink hydrogen is hydrogen made with electrolysis powered by nuclear energy, which does not produce any carbon dioxide emissions. (Although nuclear energy creates radioactive waste, which must be stored safely for thousands of years.)
Turquoise hydrogen is hydrogen produced from methane pyrolysis or splitting methane into hydrogen and solid carbon with heat in reactors or blast furnaces. Turquoise hydrogen is still in its nascent stages of being commercialized, and its climate-conscious value depends on powering the pyrolysis with clean energy and storing the physical carbon.
Using black coal or lignite (brown coal) in the hydrogen-making process, these black and brown hydrogen are the absolute opposite of green hydrogen in the hydrogen spectrum and the most environmentally damaging.
In the future, some hydrogen colors may fade in importance, and others burn brighter. What’s certain is that the hydrogen rainbow will play a significant role in reaching net-zero as we reduce our historical reliance on fossil fuels and look to green alternatives to power our homes, businesses, and transport.
Reference:
[1] https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/06/what-...
[2] https://www.nationalgrid.com/stories/...

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