English DNA: What is the Genetic History of England?

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English DNA: What is the Genetic History of England?

Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:19 Cheddar Man and Ancient Genetics
2:03 Bell Beakers, Eye Colour and Milk
3:40 Migration from Ancient France as Possible Vector for Celtic Languages?
6:04 Romans
6:32 Anglo-Saxons
8:46 Vikings and Normans
10:12 More Recent Genetic Influences
10:44 Modern Genetics of England

Sources:

Cheddar Man FAQ | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Western hunter-gatherer - Wikipedia
The LGM British-Irish Ice Sheet: an introduction - AntarcticGlaciers.org
Milk fueled Bronze Age expansion of ‘eastern cowboys’ into Europe | Science | AAAS
Brace, S., Diekmann, Y., Booth, T.J. et al. Ancient genomes indicate population replacement in Early Neolithic Britain. Nat Ecol Evol 3, 765–771 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-08...
Early European Farmers - Wikipedia
Neolithic Britain: where did the first farmers come from? | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Olalde, I., Brace, S., Allentoft, M. et al. The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe. Nature 555, 190–196 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25738
National History Museum, The Beaker people: a new population for ancient Britain https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2...
Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature 610, 112–119 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05...
Home | People of the British Isles
Norman Conquest - Wikipedia
Population genetics | People of the British Isles
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04...
Early migration from France may have brought Celtic languages to Britain | Science | AAAS
Haplogroup U5 (mtDNA) - Eupedia
Cheddar Man https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheddar...
Bell Beaker culture - Wikipedia
History and genetics of the Bell Beaker phenomenon - Eupedia
Haplogroup R1b - Wikipedia
Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) - Eupedia
Haplogroup R-M269 - Wikipedia
Bronze-Age "Beaker Culture" Invaded Britain, Ancient-Genome Study Finds | Scientific American
Lingua Franca https://dictionary.camb ridge.org/dictionary/english/lingua-franca
Haplogroup I2 (Y-DNA) - Eupedia
Haplogroup U5 MtDNA - https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplog...
Schiffels, S., Haak, W., Paajanen, P. et al. Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history. Nat Commun 7, 10408 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10408
Haplogroup R-L21 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogr...
Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history Haplogroups - https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomm...
Scheib, C., & Kivisild, T. (2024). Low genetic impact of the Roman occupation of Britain in rural communities. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.111507
The number of Huguenot immigrants in England in the late seventeenth century - ScienceDirect
Genetic history of the British Isles - Eupedia
U5 mtDNA - https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplog...
I2a2 YDNA haplogroup - https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplog...
Bell Beaker Culture - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Be...
Haplogroup R-L151 - Wikipedia
Haplogroup H (mtDNA) - Eupedia
Haplogroup I1 (Y-DNA) - Eupedia
Haplogroup J (mtDNA) - Eupedia

Creative Commons Imagery:

Mingle Media TV File:Kate Winslet March 18, 2014 (headshot).jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons

Emőke Dénes File:Em - Cheddar Man - 2.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons

Matteo De Stefano/MUSE File:Homo sapiens - Neolithic - reconstruction - MUSE.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons

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Notuncurious File:Anglo.Saxon.migration.5th.cen.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons

Hel-hama File:England 878.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons

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English DNA - English Ancestry - Cheddar Man DNA - Genealogy