Elbow dislocation in Hindi || learn with Dr Shipra || complete description in 1 video

#elbowinjury #elbowpain #bones #bonefracture #dislocation #fractures
Hinge joint
Articulation between lower end of humerus with ulna (humero-ulnar joint)
with head of radius (humero-radial joint)
lower end of humerus enlarged to form the trochlea- medially
capitulum- laterally
medial to the trochlea is a prominent process- medial epicondyle
lateral to the capitulum is - lateral epicondyle

Three bony point relationship-
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
tip of olecranon

In flex elbow to 90 degree- these 3 bony points form a near isosceles triangle.

But extended elbow- they lie in a straight horizontal line.

Elbow joint is fully extended and supinated- the forearm and arm don’t lie in a straight line but form an angle.

It disappears on flexing the elbow

Normal carrying angle- 11 degree in male, 14 degree in females

Stability of the elbow-

Mainly depend upon olecranon and trochlea
Strong joint Capsule and Collateral Ligaments (radial collateral and ulnar collateral)

The radial collateral ligament is found on the lateral side of the joint, extending from the lateral epicondyle, and blending with the annular ligament of the radius (a ligament from the proximal radioulnar joint).

The ulnar collateral ligament originates from the medial epicondyle, and attaches to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna.

Elbow dislocation occurs when radius and ulna bones of the forearm move out of place from the humerus bone of the upper arm.

Types- 2
Simple- usually ligament injury, no bone fracture around elbow joint.
Complex- fracture has occurred along with ligamentous injury

Complex Dislocation-

May be associated with- fracture of the medial epicondyle
fracture of the head of radius
fracture of the coronoid process of ulna
Most common type of elbow dislocation- Posterior Dislocation (90%)

Other dislocation-
Anterior
Postero-medial
Postero-lateral
lateral
medial
and Divergent
Clinically-

Significant Severe Pain at Elbow
Bowstringing of triceps (triceps tendon stands prominent)
3 bony points relationship is disturbed.
Associated nerve palsy.

Treatment- (Reduction under Anesthesia followed by immobilization in an above elbow plaster slab for 3 weeks).

if stable- splint for 2-3 days and no more then 14 days and physiotherapy
if unstable- stabilized by ligament repair or external fixator
Terrible triad of elbow-
elbow dislocation
fracture of head and neck of radius
coronoid fracture
In addition to these 3, there is always a tear of lateral ulnar collateral ligament.

This combination of injury is very unstable and needs surgery