compose layout basics
Автор: CodeNode
Загружено: 2025-06-25
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Okay, let's dive into Compose layout basics. This will be a comprehensive guide, covering fundamental concepts, common layouts, modifiers, and best practices. I'll provide plenty of code examples to illustrate each concept.
*What is Jetpack Compose and Why Layout Matters?*
Jetpack Compose is Android's modern toolkit for building native UI. It's declarative, meaning you describe what your UI should look like in different states, and Compose handles the updates automatically. This is in contrast to the traditional imperative approach where you manually manipulate views.
Layout is the core of any UI. It defines how elements are arranged and sized on the screen. Effective layout ensures your UI is visually appealing, responsive to different screen sizes and orientations, and provides a good user experience.
*Key Concepts*
1. *Composable Functions:*
The fundamental building blocks of Compose UI.
Annotated with `@Composable`.
They describe a part of your UI and emit UI elements.
Can take parameters (data, state) and return `Unit`. They don't return UI; they emit UI into the composition.
Can be nested to create complex UIs.
2. *Composition:*
The tree of UI elements created by Compose.
Compose tracks changes to your composable functions' input parameters (state) and re-executes only the parts of the UI that need to be updated, optimizing performance.
Think of it as the "live" UI that is rendered on the screen.
3. *Modifiers:*
A powerful mechanism for modifying the behavior and appearance of composable functions.
Chains of modifiers can be applied to a single composable.
Common modifiers include:
`Modifier.padding(dp)`: Adds padding around the element.
`Modifier.fillMaxSize()`: Fills the entire available space.
`Modifier.width(dp)`: Sets the width.
`Modifier.height(dp)`: Sets the height.
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