How to make SONAR using Arduino

Make your Arduino based SONAR Device. Learn how to make a simple SONAR device at home using ultrasonic range finder and Arduino. this project is similar to RADAR, but there is difference between RADAR & SONAR
RADAR
Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. A radar system consists of a transmitter producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna (often the same antenna is used for transmitting and receiving) and a receiver and processor to determine properties of the object(s). Radio waves (pulsed or continuous) from the transmitter reflect off the object and return to the receiver, giving information about the object's location and speed.

The modern uses of radar are highly diverse, including air and terrestrial traffic control, radar astronomy, air-defence systems, antimissile systems, marine radars to locate landmarks and other ships, aircraft anticollision systems, ocean surveillance systems, outer space surveillance and rendezvous systems, meteorological precipitation monitoring, altimetry and flight control systems, guided missile target locating systems, ground-penetrating radar for geological observations, and range-controlled radar for public health surveillance. High tech radar systems are associated with digital signal processing, machine learning and are capable of extracting useful information from very high noise levels.

SONAR
Sonar (originally an acronym for SOund Navigation And Ranging) is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in submarine navigation) to navigate, communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels. Two types of technology share the name "sonar": passive sonar is essentially listening for the sound made by vessels; active sonar is emitting pulses of sounds and listening for echoes. Sonar may be used as a means of acoustic location and of measurement of the echo characteristics of "targets" in the water. Acoustic location in air was used before the introduction of radar. Sonar may also be used in air for robot navigation, and SODAR (an upward looking in-air sonar) is used for atmospheric investigations. The term sonar is also used for the equipment used to generate and receive the sound. The acoustic frequencies used in sonar systems vary from very low (infrasonic) to extremely high (ultrasonic). The study of underwater sound is known as underwater acoustics or hydroacoustics.

RADAR is work on radio waves & radio waves do not travel well through good electrical conductors like salt water (or Water). But Sound travels far in water so for underwater communication and object detection SONAR is effective.

COMPONENTS USED:
1- Arduino board: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B015...
2- Ultrasonic sensor: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B01M...
3- Microservo Motor: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B06Y...


Download the code and circuit diagram here : https://drive.google.com/drive/folder...

Tools:
Soldering Iron: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B07R...
multimeter: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B07N...
Glue Gun: https://www.amazon.in/gp/product/B074...


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