FastAPI Authorization: Get Current User from JWT (OAuth2 Bearer)

Implement role-based authorization in a FastAPI ERP backend by reliably identifying the current user from a JWT bearer token. This video shows how OAuth2PasswordBearer extracts the token from the Authorization header, decodes the JWT payload to get UID and role, and then queries the correct table (admin/school/teacher/student) to fetch the user. You’ll see a reusable getCurrentUser dependency with session creation, token decoding (RSA), error signaling for expired/invalid tokens, and a CRUD utility to get users by ID/role. Finally, the flow is validated in Postman, demonstrating protected endpoints that only allow admins to create admin users.

Chapters:
00:00 - Intro
00:21 - Explaining the Solution (Get Current User)
00:54 - Code Explanation
08:45 - Demonstration
09:40 - End Note

What you’ll learn:
1. Using OAuth2 bearer to read Authorization headers
2. Decoding JWT to extract UID and role
3. Querying the correct user model by role
4. Building a getCurrentUser dependency with DB sessions
5. Handling invalid/expired tokens and unauthorized access

Tech stack:
FastAPI, Python, OAuth2PasswordBearer, JWT (RSA), SQLAlchemy sessions, Postman, ERP roles

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