How the Belgians Ruled the Congo – From Private Domain to Colonial Empire

The Belgian Congo (1908–1960) was a colony ruled by Belgium after King Leopold II’s brutal personal control ended in 1908. Under Leopold’s rule (1885–1908), forced labor and atrocities in the rubber trade led to millions of deaths. In response to international outrage, Belgium annexed the territory, promising reforms.
While conditions improved, the colonial administration remained deeply exploitative. The economy was structured around resource extraction—rubber, copper, and uranium—benefiting Belgium while Congolese workers endured harsh conditions. The colony played a vital role in World War II, supplying raw materials, including uranium for the Manhattan Project.
After the war, Congolese nationalism grew, fueled by economic disparity and lack of political rights. Protests and unrest led to demands for independence. On June 30, 1960, Congo gained independence, with Patrice Lumumba as prime minister and Joseph Kasa-Vubu as president. However, post-independence turmoil, including secessionist conflicts and Lumumba’s assassination, plunged the country into crisis.


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SOURCES
– Congo. Een geschiedenis (David van Reybrouck).
– Europa's koloniale eeuw (H.L. Wesseling).
– https://historiek.net/leopold-iis-kol... (08-03-2025).
– https://encyclopedievlaamsebeweging.b... (08-03-2025).


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   • Видео  
Leopoldville(Kinshasa)1951
   • Congo Crisis (1960)  
Congo Crisis (1960)
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