How to Make Solar Cells Using a Slot-die Coater | Slot-die Coating

In this video, we demonstrate how to fabricate solar cells using slot-die coating and flexo printing on a Slot-die Coater.

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Timestamps:
00:00 Introduction
00:05 Preparing the Ink
00:16 Prepare the Substrate
00:23 Prepare the Slot-die Coater
00:30 Slot-die Head Assembly & Installation
00:39 Getting Ready to Coat
01:19 Coating the Active Layer
01:48 Coating the Hole Conducting Layer
02:11 Processing of the Back Electrode
02:36 Characterizing the Solar Cell
02:42 Outro

In this video, we demonstrate how to fabricate solar cells using slot-die coating and flexo printing on a Slot-die Coater. These techniques enable precise and scalable thin-film deposition, making them essential for printed solar cell manufacturing.

The process starts with slot-die coating of the active layer. The ink is prepared by dissolving the active material in solvents and stirring at an elevated temperature. Once ready, the substrate is cut and placed on the vacuum chuck of the Slot-Die Coater, with the hot plate turned on to maintain the correct temperature. The slot-die head is assembled and mounted, and the ink is loaded into a syringe, connected to the slot-die head, and attached to a pump for controlled flow. After setting the coating speed and gap, the ink flows through the slot-die head, forming a meniscus, and the coating begins. A second stripe is applied before cleaning the slot-die head.

Next, the hole-conducting layer is coated using the same slot-die process, with a slight offset to ensure proper alignment.

Once both layers are in place, we use flexo printing to apply the silver back electrode. A flexo roller is installed and aligned with the pattern on the substrate. The silver paste is transferred onto the printing roller using a small paint roller and printed onto the coated stripes. This step is repeated for the second stripe, completing the structure.

With the active layer, hole-conducting layer, and back electrode in place, the solar cell is now complete and ready for characterization. Slot-die coating and flexo printing offer a precise, scalable, and efficient approach to thin-film solar cell manufacturing.

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We are infinityPV, a Danish company with a global footprint, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in printed and flexible electronics. Driven by innovation and a commitment to sustainability, we design and manufacture state-of-the-art, compact laboratory equipment for slot-die coating and roll-to-roll processing that bridges the gap between research and industrial-scale production.

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