Inroduction to Inegrated Pest Management || Cultural Method Of Control ||

hello everyone how are you. today in this video we are discussing about integrated pest management.

our previous video on insect repellent
   • Insect Repellent || Types Of Insect Repell...  


INTRODUCTION

In the world 30% of the total food grains produced are damaged due to pests. Out of 30 per cent. 20 per cent loss is mainly due to the insect pests. The remaining 10 per cent is due to rodents, fungus, nematodes etc.

Basically integrated pest management is management of different types of the pests by applying several methods which will control all the pests effectively.

Here we are dealing with integrated pest management of insect pests only.

Integrated Insect pest management involves various methods of insect pest control in which chemical control is initially avoided and applied in the last

METHODS OF CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS

1. Cultural methods of control

II. Physical and mechanical methods

III. Biological control methods

IV. Legal control

V. Chemical control

VI. Use of hormones, pheromones and antifeedants

1. CULTURAL METHODS OF CONTROL

The regular methods performed by the farmers to reduce population of the insect pests, are known as cultural methods of control. These methods may be performed knowingly or unknowingly. These methods can be more effective if the farmers have knowledge of the life history, behaviour, habits and ecological status of the insect pests.

These control measures are cheapest of all types of control methods. These methods include:

(1) Clean cultivation.

(ii) Crop rotation.

(iii) Relation of crops in adjacent field.

(iv) Tilling of soil.

(v) Use of resistant varieties.

(vi) Pruning and thinning

(vii) Mixed crops.

(viii) Fertilization and stimulating vigorous growth.

(ix) Regulating irrigation.

(x) Use of clean seed.

(xl) Variation in sowing and harvesting time.

(1) Clean cultivation. There should be regular removal of all types of weeds and crop residues, these act as host in absence of their regular host plants eg:

(a) The decaying fruits of melon, guava and tomato should be removed as harbour maggots if fruit flies and tissue borers.

(b) The dead leaves and grasses should be burnt down

(c) The destruction of weeds present on fences of fields is beneficial as it reduces harmful psects. The moths of the red hairy caterpillars deposit their eggs on the weeds.

(ii) Crop rotation. Crop rotation plays a significant role in checking the population of the osect pests. If the same crop is sown every year, it provides a favourable atmosphere to the insect rests. Crop rotation produces better results in case of the insect pests, which are slow breeders, estricted feeders and have less migration power.

During crop rotation, the other closely related crops also should not be grown

(iii) Relation of crops in adjacent field. If the crops grown in adjacent fields act as alternate sosts, then all methods to control insect pests go waste. So in adjacent fields those crops should be srown, on which those insects cannot feed. For this, there should be proper knowledge of the losts of the insect pests and their life history.

(iv) Tilling of the soil. There are many insects whose larval or pupal stage is present in soll ir hibernate at any of these stages in soil. If tilling of soil is performed to cultivate the crop, some of these are killed and others are exposed. The white grulis exposed after tilling are killed by birds ike myna, crow and egrets. The other insects which can be controlled by this method are Bihar

sairy caterpillar (Diacrina obbiquca), cotton semilooper cutworm and larvae of pink boliworm

Pectinophora gossypiella) and spotted bollworms (Earias sp.) (v) Use of resistant varieties. The use of resistant varieties of plants is one of the preventive neasures in integrated pest management. Resistance of the plants to the insect attack is due to rarious conditions, which may be physical, chemical or physiological. The acidity, distastefulness of cell sap, thickness of husk, early maturity, vigour are responsible for providing resistance to the nsect attack. These days new resistant varieties are being produced by hybridisation, grafting and sure line selection. e.g. Sugarcane varieties with hard rind and hard fibrous pith are more resistant o attack of Pyrilla and whitefly.

(vi) Pruning and thinning. The pruning of dead branches, scraping of diseased stems, patching ip wounds with clay and tar may keep insects away in the perennial plants. It checks the damage aused by the hibernating stages of pests. But if not checked, it may cause damage to other healthy parts.

yours query
introduction to integrated pest management.
methods of control of insects pests
cultural method of control
different steps of cultural method
pruning and thinning.


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