GCSE Chemistry - Factors Affecting Rate of Reaction & Collision Theory (2026/27 exams)

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** WHAT'S COVERED **
1. Collision Theory
An explanation that for a reaction to occur, particles must collide with sufficient energy, known as the activation energy.
The two factors that determine reaction rate: the energy of particle collisions and the frequency of collisions.
2. The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
How increasing temperature leads to particles having more kinetic energy.
This results in more frequent and more energetic collisions, increasing the rate of successful collisions.
3. The Effect of Concentration and Pressure on Reaction Rate
How increasing concentration (in solutions) or pressure (in gases) means more particles are present in a given volume.
This increases the frequency of collisions, which in turn increases the reaction rate.
4. The Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rate
How increasing the surface area to volume ratio (e.g., a powder vs. a solid block) increases the reaction rate.
A larger surface area exposes more reactant particles, leading to more frequent collisions.
5. The Effect of Catalysts on Reaction Rate
A definition of catalysts as substances that speed up a reaction without being consumed.
An explanation of how catalysts work by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.
Visualisation of a catalyst's effect using reaction profile diagrams.

** CHAPTERS **
0:00 Introduction
0:23 Collision Theory & Activation Energy
2:00 Factor 1: Temperature
2:29 Factor 2: Concentration & Pressure
3:01 Factor 3: Surface Area
3:45 Factor 4: Catalysts
4:04 How Catalysts Work (Reaction Profiles)

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