8. Devic’s Disease (Neuromyelitis Optica) | Optic Neuritis & Myelitis Explained
Автор: Conceptual Medicine
Загружено: 2025-06-19
Просмотров: 433
Devic’s Disease (Neuromyelitis Optica) | Optic Neuritis & Myelitis Explained | NEET PG/FMGE/USMLE
Devic’s Disease, also known as Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO), is a rare but clinically significant autoimmune demyelinating condition that primarily affects the optic nerves and the spinal cord. It is often mistaken for multiple sclerosis, but understanding its unique features is crucial for both diagnosis and management, especially for exam preparation in NEET PG, FMGE, USMLE, and MBBS clinical years. The disease is driven by autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels, which are abundant in the optic nerves and spinal cord, leading to severe optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). Patients commonly present with acute vision loss, often bilateral or sequential, along with paraparesis or quadriparesis, sensory loss, and bladder dysfunction due to spinal cord involvement. Unlike multiple sclerosis, the lesions in NMO are often more extensive, spanning three or more vertebral segments on spinal MRI, and brain MRI is often normal or nonspecific.
The hallmark diagnostic marker is the presence of AQP4-IgG antibodies (NMO-IgG), which is both highly specific and sensitive for NMO. In antibody-negative cases, MOG-IgG testing may help, especially in pediatric or atypical presentations. CSF analysis may show mild lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein, but oligoclonal bands are usually absent, helping differentiate from MS. Treatment of acute attacks involves high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, often followed by plasma exchange (PLEX) if there's inadequate response. For long-term prevention of relapses, immunosuppressive therapies like azathioprine, rituximab, or mycophenolate mofetil are preferred over traditional MS disease-modifying therapies, which can worsen NMO. This session provides a clear, structured approach to understanding the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies of Devic’s Disease, with clinical pearls and visual memory tools to help you tackle MCQs and real-life neurology cases with confidence. 🔬📚👁️
#DevicsDisease #NeuromyelitisOptica #NMO #OpticNeuritis #TransverseMyelitis #NEETPG2025 #FMGE2025 #USMLENeurology #AQP4Antibody #HighYieldNeurology #SpinalCordDisorders #VisualLoss #PlasmaExchange #MSDifferentialDiagnosis #NeuroAutoimmune #ClinicalNeurology #VisualLearningMedicine**
Доступные форматы для скачивания:
Скачать видео mp4
-
Информация по загрузке:
