The Top 10 Quad Jumpers of All Time in Womens Figure Skating

This is a data-driven ranking of the best quad jumpers in the history of womens figure skating. Since this is an all-time ranking, current as of the end of the 22/23 season, it will inevitably change based on future results. As such, the plan is to release updates to this video every few seasons.

To be eligible for this ranking, a skater must have 12 or more quad attempts in their career.

The rankings found in most videos on this channel use PoM (“Percentage of Max”), a metric calculated by dividing the number of points a skater received for a jump or set of jumps by the maximum number of points they could have received.

However, comparing quad jumpers presents a unique challenge because skaters aren’t being evaluated for a single jump type, but rather multiple jumps types, some of which are generally considered easier, e.g. 4Ts, and some of which are generally considered more difficult, e.g. 4Lzs.

As such, using PoM is not as ideal, as this would arguably favor skaters who predominantly jump easier quad types, while disadvantaging skaters who frequently jump more difficult quad types.

To address this, a metric called Average Scaled PoM is used here instead of PoM.

Average Scaled PoM is, in essence, the average score a skater received for a set of jumps, in this case for all the quads attempted in their career. The one key difference is that when calculating Scaled PoM for a quad jumped as part of a combination or sequence, the base value impact of the non-quad part of the jump pass is excluded.

The advantage of using Average Scaled PoM for comparing and ranking quad jumpers is that it not only captures the quality and consistency of a skater’s quads, as does PoM, but also factors in the difficulty of the types of quads the skater performed, given that the variation in difficulty between quad types is reflected in their respective base values.

One drawback to Scaled PoM is that it doesn’t account for changes in the scale of values over time. However, there has been very limited changes in the scale of values for quads during the womens quad era, so this isn’t much of a concern at this point. If there are significant changes in the future, though, this might require revisiting.

Some further explanation of Scaled PoM...

• As mentioned, when calculating Scaled PoM for a quad jumped as part of a combination or sequence, the base value impact of the non-quad part of the jump pass is excluded. (It wouldn’t be excluded if you were calculating Scaled PoM for the entire jump pass, however.) For example, for a 4Lz+2T, the 1.30 point impact of the 2T would be excluded. Also, it is a rare occurrence, but if a jump pass’s GOE was based on the non-quad part of the jump pass, it would be recalculated to be based on the quad.

• Second-half bonuses are factored into the calculation of Scaled PoM. However, other bonuses, such as those sometimes seen in certain novice and domestic competitions, are generally excluded. Jump sequence adjustments, which were relevant prior to the 22/23 season; repetition penalties; and fall deductions are also excluded from the calculation of Scaled PoM. (Jump sequence adjustments would be factored in if you were calculating Scaled PoM for an entire jump pass, however.)

• Popped attempts at the jump being analyzed are not factored in due to the trickiness of collecting data for them.

The analysis underlying this ranking takes into account all competitions covered by SkatingScores, the invaluable and fairly comprehensive database of international and domestic competition results. However, SkatingScores is missing some significant Russian domestic events, especially at the novice level. In light of the high number of ultra-cs performed in Russian domestic events from the late 2010s onward, these important events have also been included in this analysis.

It is estimated that this analysis, in total, has taken into account over 95% of the ultra-cs that have been attempted in competition since the start of the IJS era, with those attempts missing mainly being from minor domestic events in Russia, in particular minor events outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as some minor domestic events in Japan and the United States.

Lastly, it should be noted that in the case of any skater who tested positive for performance enhancing drugs, their results are invalidated for purposes of this analysis starting from the season they tested positive, and ending at the point that they were cleared to compete again by the relevant international bodies.

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0:00 Intro
1:04 Countdown
8:27 Recap

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