Kangeyam Cattle 🇮🇳 | Kongu | Kanganad | Livestock | Indian Cattle l Kangayam

All About Kangeyam Cattle

00:00 Intro

00:28 Chapter 1 - History
Since 400 BC Kangeyam and Pulikulam cattle traditionally used for “Jallikattu”.
Later Kangeyam cattle’s true breed were preserved and maintained by the Pattagars family of Palayakottai for over 100 years and subsequently improved by Late Sri N. Nallathambi Sarkarai Manradiar.
1909 Lieutenant Colonel WD Gunn in his book “Cattle of Southern India” clearly documented and described the habitat, distribution and characteristics of Kangayam cattle.
1924 Foundation stock of breed was obtained by the government from the Pattagars of Palayakottai and scientific breeding of cattle was initiated at the Livestock Research Station in Hosur.
1928 Linlithgow commission on Indian Agriculture recognized the Pattagarar of Palayakottai as a best practice for careful breeding of the Kangayam breed.
1936 Captain RW Littlewood in his book “Livestock of Southern India” described 2 varieties of Kangayam cattle breeds.
1942 Imperial Council of Agricultural Research sanctioned “Kangayam Cattle Improvement Scheme” for promoting the breed.
1947 In order to promoting this the “Kangayam Cattle Breeder’s Associations” were established in Erode and Coimbatore Districts.
1949 Scientific findings highlighted the change in Calf’s coat colour from red to grey-white is a peculiar and a unique characteristic feature.
1950 Indigenous humped bull became an essential symbol of India and was represented on the copper-nickel coin series of Half, 1 and 2 Annas.
1953 Kangayam cattle were being exported to Sri Lanka and they also obtained the nucleus breeding stock from Pattagars of Palayakottai. Also based on scientific findings Kangayam cattle was classified as “Group IV – Mysore type cattle breed having prominent forehead and long horns”.
1962 Brazil initiated imports of Kangayam cattle in addition to other indigenous cattle breeds that were already being imported since 1813 from Malabar coast. Later they were also imported by Malaysia.
1992 Government of Tamil Nadu took active steps to preserve the germplasm of Kangeyam cattle at Hosur.
2000 Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, released a set of 4 commemorative stamps which featured Kangayam, Kankrej, Gir and Hallikar cattle breeds.
2001 Due to alarming losses of Kangayam cattle and with an aim to study and conserve the breed, Senaapathy Kangayam Cattle Research Foundation was founded in Tiruppur district of Tamil Nadu.

04:22 Chapter 2 - Characteristics
Calf – Calf’s skin colour is red from time of birth, after 6 months it turns grey.
Cow - Cows are grey, or white and grey. Nearly 1 to 2% also have red, black, fawn and broken skin colours.
In cows udder is not very well developed, teats are fairly small and well set apart. Milk veins are not prominent.
Bull - Bulls are generally gray with black or very dark gray coloring on head, neck, hump & on quarters.
Skin - Skin is mellow and pliable, black in colour, hair is fine, short and white in colour.
Head - Prominent broad and level forehead.
Muzzle - Muzzle is wide and black in colour.
Neck - Neck is short and thick.
Back - Back is short, broad and level.
Body - Body is compact with well sprung ribs.
Dewlap - Dewlap is thin and extends only up to the sternum, free from flesh folds.
Chest - Chest is deep and wide, broad between the forearms.
Sheath - Sheath is well tucked up to the body.
Hump - Hump in bulls are very well developed and firm.
Tail - Tail is of moderate length with a black switch reaching well below the hocks.
Legs - Legs are short and stout with strong hooves having deep markings on the knees, and just above the fetlocks on all four legs. Legs are squarely set under the body; shoulders are broad and muscular.
Horns - Horns are much longer, curve backwards and outwards resembling a cobra hood appearance. Horn tips face each to almost form a complete circle.
Ears – Ears are small, erect and pointed.
Eyes - Eyes are dark, bright and elliptical in shape with black rings and black eye-lashes.

07:23 Chapter 3 - Production
08:06 Chapter 4 - Management
10:03 Outro

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Information Sources: Internet
Documentation: Amrita L Kutuva and Hansen Thambi Prem
Technical Support: Rohan Prem Hansen
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