藝苑掇英 Emil Filla 埃米·爾菲拉 (1882-1953) Cubism Expressionism Czech

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Emil Filla's works are rare in France. Despite a significant stay in Paris in 1909-1910, where he discovered Picasso and Braque, the Czech artist spent most of his carrier in his home country where he became a major artist. An avant-gardist, he was one of the first painters to lead his art towards modernity. Its indeed in the first years of the XXth century that Filla entered the School of Fine Arts in Praha. He would later complete his training in Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium.
With his classmates, he founded circa 1907-1908, the 8 group 'Osma', marked by Fauvism and German Expressionism. He already knew Cézanne and his conception of space but, under Picasso's influence, he would reach a real technical perfection with an excellent rendering of volumes and material aspect of the objects. Still lifes rapidly became his favorite subject.
The First World War prevented him from moving to Paris and forced him to stay in the Netherlands. Happy coincidence, thanks to the masters of the Northern School, he discovered a new and slighter way of painting matter and color. Gradually, he highlighted his palette to create after 1925 much more expressive works, giving up the formal rigour for more feeling in paintings where vivid colors connect with a thick and lively matter.
Emil Filla's art, like his compatriots Kubista, Prochazka or Capek, would impose Cubism as official painting in Czechoslovakia from 1918.
埃米·爾菲拉 Emil Filla的作品在法國很少見。儘管在1909年至1910年期間他在巴黎進行了大量的停留，在那裡他發現了畢加索和布拉克，但捷克藝術家將他的大部分航空公司都花在他的祖國，在那裡他成為了一名主要的藝術家。作為一名先鋒派，他是最早將藝術引向現代的畫家之一。確實在二十世紀的第一年，菲拉進入了布拉格的美術學院。他後來在德國，荷蘭和比利時完成了他的訓練。
與他的同學一起，他創立了大約1907-1908年，8組'Osma'，以野獸派和德國表現主義為標誌。他已經知道塞尚和他的空間概念，但在畢加索的影響下，他將通過對物體的體積和物質方面的出色渲染達到真正的技術完美。靜物迅速成為他最喜歡的主題。
第一次世界大戰使他無法前往巴黎，迫使他留在荷蘭。幸運的是，由於北方學校的主人，他發現了一種新的，輕微的繪畫方式和顏色。漸漸地，他突出了他的調色板，以便在1925年之後創造出更具表現力的作品，放棄了在繪畫中更加感覺的正式嚴謹性，其中生動的色彩與厚重而生動的物質相連。
埃米爾菲拉的藝術，如他的同胞庫比斯塔，普羅哈卡或卡佩克，將從1918年起將立體主義強加於捷克斯洛伐克的官方繪畫。