Traditional Skills of Rug Weaving in Fars

The remarkable skill passed down from generation to generation was inscribed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity list in 2010 under “Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Fars.”
The history of rug weaving in Fars is very long, and its exact date is unknown; however, evidence suggests that rug weaving in the southern province dates for millennia. Historians point to the presence of rugs in Cyrus’ tomb during Alexander’s invasion of Persia.
The eighth-century AH was the peak of Fars rug weaving. The fame of the Fars rug in this period was so great that Ghazan Khan asked local artists to weave Fars rugs for his palace. In the ninth and tenth centuries AH, with more Qashqai, Khamseh tribes, and other tribes, rug weaving flourished in this region. This art continued until the present and became one of the main features of this region.
Moreover, the nomadic lifestyle has a direct impact on using of elements of nature. People in this area created beauties, and these beauties gradually emerged into the Fars rugs.
Regarding the Persian rug, along with the most famous examples, the Qashqai and Khamseh rugs, we can also mention the weavings of the surrounding villages in this area.
In addition to the numerous varieties of designs and styles in these types of rugs and carpets, there are also commonalities, such as the existence of geometric designs or the use of cheerful colors inspired by the nature of this region. The most important common denominator among all types of Fars handicrafts is the loose texture of the knots and their lightweight, and of course, the dominance of geometric designs can be seen at first glance.
Due to the high volume of Fars rugs woven by nomadic women in this region, the loom rug used is different. For example, unlike many areas, the loom rug is mostly on the ground and horizontal to be easily moved during migration.
Fars rugs usually have a mental design and are woven in pairs or with a rug. The first rug is called the “order” rug, and the carpet or rug is woven with the ordered rug with the help of its design or mentally and inspired by the order rug design.
Traditional motifs or patterns are often woven mentally and have a geometric structure. The most important feature of this type of Fars rug is symmetry weaving. Fars rugs are woven symmetrically with traditional motifs from their horizontal or vertical halves.

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