How does an LED work at the molecular AND practical level? | Intermediate Electronics

Even though LED's are everywhere, there's still the question - how do LED's actually work?
Like... deep down on a molecular level? Well, we go over how these amazing LEDs work by discussing how the electrons lose energy, emit photons, and how scientists and engineers get specific colors. We also go over the way the semiconductor material is packaged into something that we can use. The written tutorial is also available on CircuitBread here - https://www.circuitbread.com/tutorial...

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The LED wavelength, color, and material table can be found here: https://www.circuitbread.com/tools/le...

Table of Contents:
0:00 Introduction
0:17 How an LED is basically a diode
1:04 Forward biasing an LED
1:17 How electrons cross the PN junction, lose energy, and create photons
1:45 What an LED band diagram looks like when forward biased
2:15 How we get different colors from LEDs
2:25 A table showing the relationship between colors, wavelengths, and materials
3:02 Physical implementation from the semiconductor into a 5mm LED
3:42 Summary

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