How Arab Nationalism Changed The Middle East

Arabs are the majority ethnic group in the Middle East. They were the first to receive Islam; subsequently the initial Khilafa’s were Arab in origin. But at the turn of the first millennium, they were supplanted by the warrior-like Turks. For the 900 years, Arabs saw their lands being ruled by non-Arabs. As a result, the formation was of an Arab consciousness was very primitive by the time Nationalism infiltrated the area in the 19th century. Once Arab intellectuals were exposed to European notions about Nationhood, many became galvanized by the prospect of gaining full sovereignty over their lands. They were helped by not only the printing press, which disseminated information quickly, but also the tyranny exhibited their Ottoman rulers in Constantinople. In the aftermath of WWI, many Arabs were dismayed to find out that they simply shrugged one imperial ruler to be replaced by another, the Europeans. Over the next few decades, Nationalism was again instrumentalised to kick out foreign invaders. But the ideology’s real struggle would begin upon independence, when Arab Nationalism tried and failed to provide a uniting effect on the region’s politics.

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0:00 Intro
1:34 The Arab Revival
3:57 WWI
7:30 The Arabs Without the Ottomans