What is Ideology?

Ideology means “science of ideas” like zoology, biology, geology, ecology and so forth. The word ideology was coined in 1796 by the French Philosopher Destutt de Tracy (1754-1836). During the 19th century, “ideology” had a negative connotation. Karl Marx views it as the idea of perceptions of the ruling class. The ruling class uses ideas as a tool to oppress the subordinate classes. Marx treated ideology as pejorative, not scientific.
During the 20th Century, Karl Poper, J. L. Talmon and Hanna Arendt and others viewed ideology as an instrument of social control; they viewed it as a system of thought and a claiming of truth to negate the opponents’ ideas.
Ideology is a system of social thought, which means a group of people from a particular social position adopt a specific thinking style. Such patterns of social thoughts are generally called ideology.
Louis Althusser observes ideology as a mirror view of reality. It is a way of reflective understanding of social relations. A coherent set of ideas aimed to preserve a social system. It is generally treated as a vision of good and bad. In the USA the term ideology is treated as a derogatory term.
There is no precise meaning to the term “ideology”. We can understand it as a set of views accumulated from a particular social context.
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