Destruction of "airfield brain" in Crimea: attack on air base in Dzhankoy paralyzed Russian army

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The Ukrainian Navy reported the destruction of a military airfield control tower in Dzhankoy. Krym.Realii explains the role this facility plays in air traffic control in annexed Crimea and how quickly Russia can resume flights.

Recall, on January 20, the Ukrainian Navy reported that operators of the 426th Unmanned Systems Regiment attacked a command post at the Russian military airfield in Dzhankoy.

"We've already expanded to a regiment of unmanned systems, and our targets are significantly further than yesterday. What was considered unattainable is no longer safe. If we've reached the first of the best-defended airfields, we'll reach the rest," reads a message on the Navy's Telegram channel . A Crimean military expert, a former Ukrainian officer and a lieutenant colonel in the Ukrainian Armed Forces reserve, spoke to Krym.Realii on condition of anonymity about the importance of an airfield control tower in the air traffic control system. "A military airfield's control tower isn't just important; it's critical to ensuring the safety, efficiency, and coordination of all flights. This unit monitors air traffic in the takeoff/landing zone, ensures safe intervals, and coordinates with other services. It's the airfield's 'brain,' so to speak, ensuring the smooth and orderly operation of all combat aircraft. It's from here that aircraft and helicopter traffic control commands are issued for combat missions. And it's here that all information about the situation in the air and on the airfield is collected," the expert explains. "A control tower isn't just a multitude of different equipment, including radar screens, weather radars, and communications equipment, but also hundreds of cables connecting it to various airfield systems. It's unlikely this can be repaired quickly, if at all. A likely solution for the Russian military would be to deploy a mobile control tower at the airfield, but it would also need to be transported from somewhere, connected to all the systems, and set up. This process could take weeks," the military expert suggested.

A retired lieutenant colonel of the Ukrainian Armed Forces notes that mobile control towers are designed primarily for field airfields and have a limited set of functions compared to a stationary control tower. T he airbase in Dzhankoy is home to the 39th Helicopter Regiment of the 27th Mixed Aviation Division of the 4th Air Force and Air Defense Command of the Southern Military District, as well as three squadrons of Mi-8, Mi-35M, Mi-28, and Ka-52 helicopters. Helicopters of the Russian Federal Security Service's Border Service are also stationed there.

A retired captain, formerly of Ukrainian military intelligence, spoke to Krym.Realii on condition of anonymity about the specifics of using the military airfield in Dzhankoy. "Before the full-scale invasion, only a helicopter regiment was actually based there, but by the summer of 2022, Su-25 attack aircraft began appearing there. The airfield regularly receives military transport flights and has become the main logistics hub in the northern Crimean Peninsula. For attack aircraft and helicopters from there, the flight time to the front lines in both the Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions is virtually identical," explained the former military intelligence officer.

The retired captain recalls that this military airfield has been repeatedly attacked, disabling radar stations and anti-aircraft missile systems that are supposed to protect the airbase.

"The most famous attack was in April 2024, when long-range ATACMS missiles were used against targets in Crimea for the first time. The air defenses at the Dzhankoy airfield were disabled and their ammunition was destroyed," the reserve officer stated.
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