What Really Caused the 1905 Bengal Partition?

The Partition of Bengal in 1905, announced by Lord Curzon, divided the Bengal Presidency into two provinces: West Bengal (including Bihar and Orissa) and East Bengal and Assam. This reorganization was met with significant resistance and fueled the Swadeshi Movement in India. The stated reason for the partition was administrative convenience, but it was widely viewed as a "divide and rule" tactic by the British to weaken the growing nationalist movement.
Key Aspects of the Partition:
Announcement:
The partition was announced by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, on July 20, 1905.
Implementation:
The division of Bengal took effect on October 16, 1905.
Motives:
The British government claimed administrative reasons, such as the vastness of the Bengal Presidency and the need to improve governance, for the partition. However, it was widely perceived as an attempt to weaken the nationalist movement by creating divisions along religious lines (Hindu-majority West Bengal and Muslim-majority East Bengal).
Impact:
The partition sparked widespread protests, including the Swadeshi Movement, which advocated for boycott of British goods and promoted Indian industries.
Reversal:
The partition was annulled in 1911 due to widespread opposition. The Bengal Presidency was reunited, and the capital of British India was shifted to Delhi.
This video explains the partition of Bengal in 1905

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