Myxedema Coma in 3 minutes, Symptoms, Causes, Signs

Myxedema Coma in 3 minutes: Symptoms, Causes, Signs, USMLE, Treatment, Hypothyroidism, What is it?

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Myxedema coma is defined as severe hypothyroidism leading to decreased mental status, hypothermia, and other symptoms related to slowing of function in multiple organs. It is a medical emergency with a high mortality rate

What are the symptoms of myxedema coma?
Signs and symptoms of myxedema coma
Hypothermia.
Hypotension.
Bradycardia.
Decreased pulse pressure, normal systolic pressure, elevated diastolic pressure.
Decreased respiratory rate.
Periorbital puffiness.
Macroglossia.
Coarse or thinning hair.

Can you survive myxedema coma?
Patients in myxedema coma present with very low body temperature, slow heart rate, low blood pressure, change in mental status/unarousable and other symptoms related to poor function of many organs. If not treated promptly, many patients do not survive.

What happens during a myxedema crisis?
Myxedema crisis is a severe life threatening form of decompensated hypothyroidism which is associated with a high mortality rate. Infections and discontinuation of thyroid supplements are the major precipitating factors while hypothermia may not play a major role in tropical countries

Which is a characteristic of a patient with myxedema?
It often is possible to diagnose myxedema on clinical grounds alone. Characteristic symptoms are weakness, cold intolerance, mental and physical slowness, dry skin, typical facies, and hoarse voice. Results of the total serum thyroxine and free thyroxine index tests usually will confirm the diagnosis.

Can myxedema be cured?
Depending on the cause, myxedema can be treated with thyroid replacement hormones. These medications are effective in eliminating the symptoms that accompany myxedema and hypothyroidism. If you are prescribed thyroid replacement medications, you will probably need to take them for the rest of your life.

Which person is most likely to experience a myxedema coma?
Myxedema coma occurs almost exclusively in persons 60 years and older. More than 90 percent of cases occur during the winter months. This seasonal presentation is probably due to age-related loss of the ability to sense temperature and lower heat production secondary to hypothyroidism.

When should I suspect myxedema coma?
Physical examinationmay reveal hypothermia, hypoventilation, hypotension, bradycardia, dry coarse skin, macroglossia, and delayed deep-tendon reflexes. Absence of mild diastolic hypertension in severely hypothyroid patients is a warning sign of impending myxedema coma.

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Early Warning Signs of Thyroid Issues
Fatigue.
Weight gain.
Weight loss.
Slowed heart rate.
Increased heart rate.
Sensitivity to heat.
Sensitivity to cold.