Priority Interrupt in Computer Organization | Daisy Chain, Parallel & Software Polling Explained ✅

⚡ Priority Interrupt in Computer Organization & Architecture — Learn how modern computers handle multiple interrupt requests efficiently using priority levels and interrupt controllers.

This video explains the concept, mechanism, and types of priority interrupt systems, including Daisy-Chaining, Parallel Priority, Software Polling, Vectored Interrupts, and Nested Interrupts.

🧠 Topics Covered

🔹 Definition & Purpose: Why priority interrupts are used
🔹 Priority Levels: How interrupts are ranked and handled
🔹 Mechanisms: Daisy-Chaining, Parallel Priority, and Software Polling
🔹 Interrupt Vector Table (IVT): Mapping ISRs for each interrupt
🔹 Applications: Real-time systems, multitasking OS, and communication systems
🔹 Challenges: Complexity, overhead, and task starvation

⚙️ Types of Priority Interrupt Systems

Daisy-Chaining: Simple hardware priority chain

Parallel Priority: Fast, encoder-based system for multiple devices

Software Polling: CPU checks devices in order

Vectored Interrupt: Direct ISR mapping via unique vector addresses

Nested Interrupts: Higher-priority interrupts preempt lower ones

💡 Key Concepts

Preemptive Handling: High-priority interrupts suspend lower ones

Priority Controller: Determines which interrupt CPU should service first

ISR (Interrupt Service Routine): Code executed to handle the interrupt

Real-World Uses: Embedded systems, industrial control, OS-level interrupt handling

⚡ Summary

Priority interrupt systems ensure critical tasks are handled first, improving responsiveness, efficiency, and reliability in both hardware and software.
Understanding them is key to mastering Computer Organization & Architecture.

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