1.3 Learning from Traditional Tropical Vernacular Architecture

In this module of The Healthy Homes Course, architect Jakob Knudsen delves into the intriguing differences in traditional vernacular architecture across Southeast Asia and East Africa, despite similar climate zones. Knudsen observes that while climate conditions are alike, the architectural solutions adopted in these regions differ significantly.

The Asian architecture, characterized by openness, light materials, stilts, and low thermal capacity, offers a cooler indoor climate. In contrast, African houses, often built with solid materials directly on the ground, tend to be warmer. Knudsen and his team conducted studies, measuring the indoor climate in 60 houses across two African and two Asian countries with similar climates. The findings revealed that African houses were consistently hotter, particularly during the night.

Recognizing the importance of nighttime temperature in influencing the use of bednets to prevent malaria, Knudsen draws inspiration from Asian architecture. The team conducts experiments, both physical and digital, to explore the possibility of translating Asian architectural principles into a new African typology. Their goal is to design houses that not only lower temperatures but also enhance indoor comfort, making bednet usage more feasible.

The historical exploration reveals a few instances, like a 20th-century example from Angola, where African architecture resembled the Asian style. These findings contribute to the development of the Magoda Project, where experiments are conducted to adapt African houses to incorporate beneficial features observed in Asian architecture.

This module provides a comprehensive overview of the research journey, from identifying architectural differences to conducting experiments and creating digital models. Knudsen emphasizes the importance of adapting architectural solutions to specific climates and needs, with the ultimate aim of improving the indoor environment for health and well-being.