What Causes Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Hyperarousal, and Nightmares

This clip, from NEI's Stahl's Essential Videos, covers the therapeutic actions of alpha 1 antagonists on nightmares and hyperarousal & the therapeutic actions of norepinephrine reuptake (NET) inhibitors on anxiety, fear, and hyperarousal. Access the full video collection here https://nei.global/epvideo

Norepinephrine is neurotransmitter with important regulatory input to the amygdala and to the prefrontal cortex and thalamus in cortico-striatal-thalamic loop (CSTC) circuits. Excessive noradrenergic output from the locus coeruleus can result not only in numerous peripheral manifestations of autonomic overdrive, but also can trigger numerous central symptoms of anxiety and fear, such as nightmares, hyperarousal states, flashbacks, and panic attacks.

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