Secrets in Stone: The Mystery of Polygonal Walls

How did ancient builders shape massive stones so precisely that not even a hair can fit between them? From Peru to Greece and Italy, polygonal walls defy time, earthquakes, and logic. Were they the work of lost civilizations, or the genius of human hands? Discover the secrets hidden in stone. 🏺📜

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References:

Secrets of Lost Empires: Inca’ (2025) © PBS/NOVA. Used for educational and commentary purposes under fair use. All rights belong to the original creators. Video clips and images are used solely to illustrate historical and archaeological content. Source: Nova. 2025. “Secrets of Lost Empires: Inca.” NOVA TV Program. Available at: Dailymotion Video

Protzen, J-P. 1983. “Inca Quarrying and Stonecutting.” Ñawpa Pacha 21: 183–214.
Available at: Swiss Society of Engineers & Architects Archive (PDF)

Protzen, J-P. 1993. Inca Architecture and Construction at Ollantaytambo. New York: Oxford University Press.
Available at: Google Books

Protzen, J-P., and S. Nair. 1997. “Who Taught the Inca Stonemasons Their Skills? A Comparison of Tiahuanaco and Inca Cut-Stone Masonry.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 56, no. 2: 146–167.
Available at: UC Press Online

University of California, Berkeley. n.d. “Jean-Pierre Protzen (1934-2021).” Archaeological Research Facility (ARF) News.
Available at: UC Berkeley ARF Memorial

Davis, D., and M. Bechthold. 2015. “Digital Inca: An Assembly Method for Free-Form Geometries.” Proceedings of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures Symposium.
Available at: ResearchGate

Fontana, G., and S. Bernard. 2023. “A New Method for the Energetics Analysis of Polygonal Masonry in Samnite Hillforts (Italy).” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 49: 103933.
Available at: ScienceDirect

Lapshin, R. V. 2025. Peruvian Polygonal Masonry: How, Who, When and What For. Moscow: Publishing Solutions.
Available at: ResearchGate

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