The Forgotten First Major Public Nuclear Disaster

When one thinks of nuclear nations, the United Kingdom usually doesn’t spring to mind. But Old Blighty has a long and impressive record of nuclear accomplishments dating back to the very origins of the field. British scientists like William Penney, Rudolf Peierls, and John Cockcroft were instrumental in kickstarting the Manhattan Project, while on October 3, 1952 Britain became the third nation after the United States and Soviet Union to build and test its own atomic bomb. Throughout the Cold War, squadrons of Royal Air Force V-Bombers armed stood ready to counter any Soviet attack, while today the Royal Navy’s four Vanguard-class submarines, armed with up to 16 Trident II ballistic missiles each, prowl the world’s oceans on vital deterrence patrols. And on October 10, 1957, decades before better-known disasters like Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima, the UK became the site of one of the Nuclear Age’s first major accidents. On that day, a reactor at Cumbria accidentally caught fire, threatening to contaminate hundreds of square kilometres of English countryside with deadly radioactive fallout. This is the story of the Windscale Fire, the UK’s forgotten nuclear disaster.