Lecture 1 | What Is Artificial Intelligence? Real Examples and the Role of Responsible AI

What Is Artificial Intelligence? Real Examples and the Role of Responsible AI

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making.
1. 📱 Facial Recognition on Smartphones
• When you unlock your phone with Face ID or a facial scan, AI is working behind the scenes.
• It maps thousands of data points on your face and uses deep learning to verify your identity.
• This same tech is used in airports for secure check-ins and in banking apps for authentication.

2. 🎧 Smart Assistants (Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant)
• These voice-activated helpers use natural language processing (NLP) to understand and respond to your commands.
• They can set reminders, control smart home devices, answer questions, and even learn your preferences over time.
• The more you interact, the smarter they get—adapting to your voice, habits, and schedule.
Step 1: Collect Multiple Training Data
• We gather lots of labeled images — for example:
o Apples (red apple, green apple)
o Not apples (like a banana)
• These images form the training dataset that the AI will learn from.
📘 Purpose: To help the AI understand what characteristics define an apple versus not an apple.
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⚙️ Step 2: Train the AI Model
• The AI model (for example, a Convolutional Neural Network – CNN) is trained using the collected data.
• It goes through layers such as:
o Conv (Convolution): extracts features like shape or color.
o Max Pool: reduces image size while keeping important features.
o Dense (Fully Connected): makes the final classification decision.
📘 Purpose: The AI learns patterns and features that help it recognize apples in future images.
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💬 Step 3: User Sends a Request (Real-Time Prediction)
• The user sends a new image (for example, a red fruit).
• The trained AI model analyzes it and predicts whether it’s an apple or not.
📘 Purpose: This shows how AI works in real-time when users input new data.
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✅ Step 4: Output
• The AI model provides its result:
o If the image matches what it learned as an apple → “It’s an Apple!”
o Otherwise → “Not an Apple!”
📘 Purpose: This is the final prediction or output from the AI system.


Responsible AI
Responsible AI refers to the ethical design, development, deployment, and governance of AI systems to ensure they are fair, transparent, accountable, and aligned with human values.
It’s about building trustworthy AI that minimizes harm and maximizes benefit for individuals and society
Core Principles of Responsible AI
 Fairness
 Reliability & Safety
 Privacy & Security
 Inclusiveness
 Transparency
 Accountability

Microsoft Word’s AI Editor — Responsible AI in Action
⚙️ How it Works (Step-by-Step):
1. Type a sentence in Word
o Example:
“Each businessman should attend the meeting.”
2. This sentence is grammatically correct, but it uses a gender-specific term (“businessman”).
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2. AI Analyzes the Text
o Microsoft’s AI model scans your writing in real time.
o It uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) to detect words that may not be inclusive or neutral.
o The AI checks if your language promotes fairness and inclusivity.
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3. AI Suggests an Inclusive Alternative
o The AI gives a non-biased suggestion:
“Consider using ‘businessperson’ for inclusiveness.”
o This helps make your writing more gender-neutral and respectful to all readers.
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4. User Decision (Transparency & Control)
o You can accept or ignore the suggestion.
o Microsoft ensures you remain in control, keeping AI transparent and accountable.

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