This FULL Video is in SICILIAN - How Much Can You Understand?

The Sicilian language (Sicilianu) is a Romance language spoken on the island of Sicily and by emigrant communities around the world. Far from being merely an Italian dialect, Sicilian is recognized as a distinct language with its own rich literary tradition and unique characteristics.

Sicilian evolved from Latin (Not Vulgar Latin) but has been heavily influenced by several other languages throughout its history, reflecting Sicily's strategic position in the Mediterranean and its history of foreign rule. Greek, Arabic, Norman French, Occitan, Catalan, Spanish, and more recently Italian have all left their mark on Sicilian vocabulary and grammar.

The language's phonology includes distinctive features like the retroflex "dd" sound (similar to an English "rl" combination) and the frequent use of initial "ch" where Italian would use "pi" (chiù versus più for "more"). Sicilian grammar includes unique elements like the passatu rimotu tense (remote past) and a three-way demonstrative system.

Sicilian literature flourished particularly during the 13th century in the court of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, where the Sicilian School of poetry emerged. This poetic tradition preceded and influenced the better-known works of Dante and Petrarch. Notable modern Sicilian writers include Giovanni Verga, Luigi Pirandello, and Andrea Camilleri, though many of these authors wrote primarily in Italian with Sicilian influences.

Today, while Italian remains Sicily's official language, Sicilian maintains a strong presence in everyday communication among approximately 5 million speakers. UNESCO classifies Sicilian as a "vulnerable" language, and efforts to preserve it include literature, music, theater, and educational initiatives. Sicilian music, including traditional forms like the cantastorie (storytelling songs) and contemporary artists who incorporate Sicilian lyrics, plays a vital role in maintaining the language's cultural relevance.

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