Types of Antennas used for EMC Measurements

Radiated EMC scans can be performed over a very wide range of frequencies from 9kHz to 300GHz. Since it is not possible to use a single antenna over such range, there are several antenna types that are commonly used in EMC. These include:
1. Magnetic loop antennas for measurements from 9kHz to 30MHz
2. Biconical antennas for measurements from 30MHz to 300MHz
3. Log periodic antennas for measurements from 300MHz to 1GHz
4. Horn antennas for measurements from 1GHz to 300GHz
Each antenna type is polarization sensitive and requires a dedicated setup, which is illustrated in this video. Note that the specified ranges are not arbitrary and can be varied from one EMC test house to another. The measurements above 1GHz require high directivity, which cannot be fullfilled by the dipole antennas, as the directional measurement antennas have much higher gain in the focus
direction, allowing dramatically lower amplitude signals to be detected. Although horn antennas are used above 1GHz, the exact horn antenna would typically be swapped several times throughout the scan and the testing distance reduced from 3m to 1m or less.

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TIMELINE
00:00 - Start
01:46 - RF anechoic chamber measurements
03:35 - Magnetic loop antennas
06:37 - Log-periodic antennas
07:40 - Biconical antennas
09:26 - Hybrid log-periodic and bowtie antennas (BiConiLog)
11:41 - Horn antennas
17:29 - Monopole antennas