Isolated column footing | Shallow Foundations in construction

Foundation for a building can be broadly classified into two – Shallow foundation and Deep Foundation.
If the depth of the foundation is lower than its width, we call it a shallow foundation. The minimum depth of a shallow foundation is 800mm and the maximum depth is 3m. Shallow foundations are used in places where the soil condition is good and can easily bear the weight of the superstructure.

Shallow foundations can be broadly classified into two – Footings and Raft.
a footing is that part of the foundation under a wall, pillar or a column. The purpose of the footing is to distribute the weight of the building over a larger area.
There are different types of footings namely Spread Footing, Combined Footing and Strap Footing or Cantilever footing.

Isolated footings or Pad footings is a type of Spread footing and are used to carry and spread concentrated loads as in the case of a column or a pillar. Isolated footings can have a square, rectangular or circular top. They can be Simple/Sloped/Stepped.

In this video, we see the construction of a square, sloped, isolated footing.

First a trench is made where the foundation has to be placed. A 10cm thick layer of concrete (PCC) is placed at the bottom of the trench. This is the bed slab to hold the steel together in place.
A mat for the footing base slab and a pedestal for the column are done in steel. Steelwork is then placed on top of the concrete according to the center line. The slope for the footing is created using concrete.

The trench is then filled with earth. Shutters are placed around the columns and concreting is done.

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✔️ Audio : YouTube Audio Library